Leadership and organizational impact on employee creativity in jabodetabek startups: a mediation study
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Published:
Feb 28, 2024
Keywords:
Perceived Authentic Leadership, Organizational Identification, Employee Creativity, Work Engagement
Section
Economy
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Abstract
Significant changes triggered by globalization and the COVID-19 pandemic have required adaptation and creativity in the world of work, especially in the digital era. The millennial and Z generation, which dominate the workforce today, have an essential role in creating competitive advantages and maintaining the sustainability of organizations, especially startups. This research aims to measure and analyze the influence of Perceived Authentic Leadership and Organizational Identification on Employee Creativity mediated by Work Engagement in employees who work in Jabodetabek startups. This research uses a survey-based methodology using an online questionnaire with assessments using a Likert Scale. Data from 243 respondents was analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The research results show that perceived authentic leadership and organizational identification positively affect employee creativity, both directly and through the mediation of work engagement.
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Putra, R. and Satrya, A. (2024) “Leadership and organizational impact on employee creativity in jabodetabek startups: a mediation study”, Jurnal Mantik, 7(4), pp. 3705-3714. Available at: https://www.iocscience.org/ejournal/index.php/mantik/article/view/4815 (Accessed: 17April2026).
References
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Dechawatanapaisal, D. (2019). Millennials’ intention to stay and word-of-mouth referrals. Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship. https://doi.org/DOI:10.1108/ebhrm-03-2019-0021
Dimock, M. (2019). Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins. Retrieved from Pew Research Center website: https://policycommons.net/artifacts/616979/defining-generations/1597710/
Feng, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, L., & Han, X. (2018). Just the right amount of ethics inspires creativity: A cross-level investigation of ethical leadership, intrinsic motivation, and employee creativity. Journal of Business Ethics, 153(3), 645–658. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3297-1
Gözükara, ?., & ?im?ek, O. F. (2015). Linking Transformational Leadership to Work Engagement and the Mediator Effect of Job Autonomy: A Study in a Turkish Private Non-Profit University. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 963–971. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.274
Gupta, N., & Sharma, V. (2016). Exploring Employee Engagement--A Way to Better Business Performance. Global Business Review, 17(3). https://doi.org/DOI:10.1177/0972150916631082
Hair, J. F., Babin, B. J., Black, W. C., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. Cengage Southwestern Publishing Co.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Thiele, K. O. (2017). Mirror, mirror on the wall: a comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45, 616–632. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0517-x
Holland, P., Cooper, B., & Sheehan, C. (2017). Employee Voice, Supervisor Support, and Engagement: The Mediating Role of Trust. Human Resource Management, 56(6), 915–929. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21809
Hui, L., Qun, W., Nazir, S., Mengyu, Z., Asadullah, M. A., & Khadim, S. (2021). Organizational identification perceptions and millennials’ creativity: testing the mediating role of work engagement and the moderating role of work values. European Journal of Innovation Management, 24(5), 1653–1678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2020-0165
Imam, H., Naqvi, M. B., Naqvi, S. A., & Chambel, M. J. (2020). Authentic leadership: unleashing employee creativity through empowerment and commitment to the supervisor. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(6), 874–864. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-05-2019-0203
Karanika-Murray, M., Duncan, N., Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Organizational identification, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(8), 1019–1033. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-11-2013-0359
Kaushik, M., & Guleria, N. (2020). The Impact of Pandemic COVID -19 in Workplace. European Journal of Business Management and Research, 12(15), 1–10. https://doi.org/DOI:10.7176/EJBM/12-15-02
Li, S. X., & Sandino, T. (2018). Effects of an Information Sharing System on Employee Creativity, Engagement, and Performance. Journal of Accounting Research, 56(2), 713–747. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12202
Liu, W., Zhang, P., Liao, J., Hao, P., & Mao, J. (2016). Abusive supervision and employee creativity: The mediating role of psychological safety and organizational identification. Management Decision, 54(1), 130–147. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-09-2013-0443
Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103–123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130202
Neider, L. L., & Schriesheim, C. A. (2011). The authentic leadership inventory (ALI): Development and empirical tests. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1146–1164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.09.008
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
Rinker, M., Khare, C., Padhye, S., & Fayman, K. (2021). Industry 4.0 digital transformation conference: Has the pandemic accelerated digital transformation? Journal of Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, 3(1). https://doi.org/doi: 10.1002/amp2.10075
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293–315. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248
Semedo, A. S., Coelho, A., & Ribeiro, N. (2018). The relationship between authentic leaders and employees’ creativity: What are the roles of affective commitment and job resourcefulness? International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 11(2), 58–73. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-06-2017-0048
Sengupta, S., Sharma, S., & Singh, A. (2020). Authentic Leadership Fostering Creativity in Start-ups: Mediating Role of Work Engagement and Employee Task Proactivity. Business Perspectives and Research, 9(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2278533720964298
Tse, H. H. M., To, M. L., & Chiu, W. C. K. (2018). When and why does transformational leadership influence employee creativity? The roles of personal control and creative personality. Human Resource Management, 57(1), 145–157. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21855
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89–126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307308913
Yang, Y., Li, Z., Liang, L., & Zhang, X. (2021). Why and when paradoxical leader behavior impact employee creativity: Thriving at work and psychological safety. Curr Psychol, 40, 1911–1922. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0095-1
Zeb, A., Abdullah, N. H., Hussain, A., & Safi, A. (2020). Authentic leadership, knowledge sharing, and employees’ creativity. Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 43(6), 669–690. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1108/MRR-04-2019-0164
Zhou, J., & George, J. M. (2001). When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), 682–696. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3069410
Zhu, Y.-Q., Gardner, D. G., & Chen, H.-G. (2018). Relationships between work team climate, individual motivation, and creativity. Journal of Management, 44(5), 2094–2115.
Barton, A. (2019). Preparing for Leadership Turnover in Christian Higher Education: Best Practices in Succession Planning. Christian Higher Education, 18(1), 37–53. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1080/15363759.2018.1554353
Blank, S. (2013). Why the Lean Start-Up Changes Everything. Harvard Business Review, 91, 63–72.
Carell, Y. R., & Zuhriyah, L. (2021). Digital Leadership: Peran Pemimpin Di Era Digital Pasca Pandemi. Jakarta: Digital Optima Integra.
Chaudhary, R., & Panda, C. (2018). Authentic Leadership and Creativity: The Intervening role of Psychological Meaningfulness, Safety and Work engagement. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 67(9). https://doi.org/DOI:10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0082
Dechawatanapaisal, D. (2019). Millennials’ intention to stay and word-of-mouth referrals. Evidence-Based HRM: A Global Forum for Empirical Scholarship. https://doi.org/DOI:10.1108/ebhrm-03-2019-0021
Dimock, M. (2019). Defining generations: Where Millennials end and Generation Z begins. Retrieved from Pew Research Center website: https://policycommons.net/artifacts/616979/defining-generations/1597710/
Feng, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, X., Zhang, L., & Han, X. (2018). Just the right amount of ethics inspires creativity: A cross-level investigation of ethical leadership, intrinsic motivation, and employee creativity. Journal of Business Ethics, 153(3), 645–658. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3297-1
Gözükara, ?., & ?im?ek, O. F. (2015). Linking Transformational Leadership to Work Engagement and the Mediator Effect of Job Autonomy: A Study in a Turkish Private Non-Profit University. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 195, 963–971. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.06.274
Gupta, N., & Sharma, V. (2016). Exploring Employee Engagement--A Way to Better Business Performance. Global Business Review, 17(3). https://doi.org/DOI:10.1177/0972150916631082
Hair, J. F., Babin, B. J., Black, W. C., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. Cengage Southwestern Publishing Co.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., & Thiele, K. O. (2017). Mirror, mirror on the wall: a comparative evaluation of composite-based structural equation modeling methods. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 45, 616–632. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-017-0517-x
Holland, P., Cooper, B., & Sheehan, C. (2017). Employee Voice, Supervisor Support, and Engagement: The Mediating Role of Trust. Human Resource Management, 56(6), 915–929. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21809
Hui, L., Qun, W., Nazir, S., Mengyu, Z., Asadullah, M. A., & Khadim, S. (2021). Organizational identification perceptions and millennials’ creativity: testing the mediating role of work engagement and the moderating role of work values. European Journal of Innovation Management, 24(5), 1653–1678. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/EJIM-04-2020-0165
Imam, H., Naqvi, M. B., Naqvi, S. A., & Chambel, M. J. (2020). Authentic leadership: unleashing employee creativity through empowerment and commitment to the supervisor. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 41(6), 874–864. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-05-2019-0203
Karanika-Murray, M., Duncan, N., Pontes, H. M., & Griffiths, M. D. (2015). Organizational identification, work engagement, and job satisfaction. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30(8), 1019–1033. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-11-2013-0359
Kaushik, M., & Guleria, N. (2020). The Impact of Pandemic COVID -19 in Workplace. European Journal of Business Management and Research, 12(15), 1–10. https://doi.org/DOI:10.7176/EJBM/12-15-02
Li, S. X., & Sandino, T. (2018). Effects of an Information Sharing System on Employee Creativity, Engagement, and Performance. Journal of Accounting Research, 56(2), 713–747. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-679X.12202
Liu, W., Zhang, P., Liao, J., Hao, P., & Mao, J. (2016). Abusive supervision and employee creativity: The mediating role of psychological safety and organizational identification. Management Decision, 54(1), 130–147. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-09-2013-0443
Mael, F., & Ashforth, B. E. (1992). Alumni and their alma mater: A partial test of the reformulated model of organizational identification. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 13(2), 103–123. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030130202
Neider, L. L., & Schriesheim, C. A. (2011). The authentic leadership inventory (ALI): Development and empirical tests. The Leadership Quarterly, 22(6), 1146–1164. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2011.09.008
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
Rinker, M., Khare, C., Padhye, S., & Fayman, K. (2021). Industry 4.0 digital transformation conference: Has the pandemic accelerated digital transformation? Journal of Advanced Manufacturing and Processing, 3(1). https://doi.org/doi: 10.1002/amp2.10075
Schaufeli, W. B., & Bakker, A. B. (2004). Job demands, job resources, and their relationship with burnout and engagement: a multi-sample study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(3), 293–315. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/job.248
Semedo, A. S., Coelho, A., & Ribeiro, N. (2018). The relationship between authentic leaders and employees’ creativity: What are the roles of affective commitment and job resourcefulness? International Journal of Workplace Health Management, 11(2), 58–73. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJWHM-06-2017-0048
Sengupta, S., Sharma, S., & Singh, A. (2020). Authentic Leadership Fostering Creativity in Start-ups: Mediating Role of Work Engagement and Employee Task Proactivity. Business Perspectives and Research, 9(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2278533720964298
Tse, H. H. M., To, M. L., & Chiu, W. C. K. (2018). When and why does transformational leadership influence employee creativity? The roles of personal control and creative personality. Human Resource Management, 57(1), 145–157. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.21855
Walumbwa, F. O., Avolio, B. J., Gardner, W. L., Wernsing, T. S., & Peterson, S. J. (2008). Authentic leadership: Development and validation of a theory-based measure. Journal of Management, 34(1), 89–126. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307308913
Yang, Y., Li, Z., Liang, L., & Zhang, X. (2021). Why and when paradoxical leader behavior impact employee creativity: Thriving at work and psychological safety. Curr Psychol, 40, 1911–1922. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0095-1
Zeb, A., Abdullah, N. H., Hussain, A., & Safi, A. (2020). Authentic leadership, knowledge sharing, and employees’ creativity. Management Research Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 43(6), 669–690. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1108/MRR-04-2019-0164
Zhou, J., & George, J. M. (2001). When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), 682–696. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2307/3069410
Zhu, Y.-Q., Gardner, D. G., & Chen, H.-G. (2018). Relationships between work team climate, individual motivation, and creativity. Journal of Management, 44(5), 2094–2115.
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